WHAT IS DATA?
       
            Data is a collection of raw facts.

WHAT IS DATA BASE?
    
             A database is well-design collection of related data. By data we mean known fact that can be followed a particular architecture and the architecture should support and efficient data storage and retrieval mechanism.

              For example, consider the names, telephone numbers and address of the people we know. We may have record this data in an index address book or we may have store it on a disk, using a personal computer. These is a collection of related data with an implicit meaning and hence it is database.
                Example:
                                  (a) telephone directory
                                  (b) Dictionary
                                  (c) Library catalog.


  WHAT IS DBMS?

                A database management system (DBMS) is a collection of programs that enable user to create and maintain a database. The DBMS is a general purpose software system the facilities of process of defineing, constructing and manipulating database for various applications.
         Defineing a database involve spacifying the data type, structures and constants constant for the data to be store in the database.
                   Manipulating a database includes such function as querying the database to retrieve reports form the data.
                 By following figure we can demonstrate the basic concept of DBMS-----

        
Fig: simplified database system environment illustrating the concept and terminology

Advantages of DBMS:   

       1. Data can be easily share.
       2. Redundancy can be reduced.
       3. Inconsistency can be avoided to some content.
        4. Transaction support can be provide.
        5. Integrity can be maintenance.
        6. Fixable.
     7. Always up to date data information available.

   Disadvantages of DBMS: 

  1. High initial investment in hardware software and training.
     2. Overhead for providing security.
     3. Periodical maintenance is too high due to hardware and software upgradation and staff training.